Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 49 (3), pp. 159–165, 2003
Title: Extinction disorders the species composition of metacommunities
Author: A. Báldi
Author's address: Animal Ecology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Ludovika tér 2, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary, E-mail: baldi@nhmus.hu
Abstract: Nestedness is a common pattern in nature, where less species rich local communities are subsets from richer communities. Is this predictability of community composition holds after the loss of species? This problem was investigated by excluding the rarest species of four example metacommunities (collections of local communities within archipelagoes), and correlated the changes of nestedness with the loss of species and individuals. Rarest species is that with the least number of individuals. Nestedness declined after a small increase in two of the metacommunities with the exclusion of species, and reached random species composition in both metacommunities after the loss of 58–66% of species. The order of nested subset structure in the other two metacommunities increased until most of the species were excluded (76% and 92%). The loss of 7–30% of individuals from the rarest species in all metacommunities led to random compositions. Because the extinction of ca. half of the species has been observed in a variety of human disturbed communities, the loss of compositional predictability of metacommunities may be an important threat in the increasingly human dominated communities.
Key words: nested community structure, nestedness temperature calculator, birds, beetles, orthopterans, butterflies
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Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 49 (3), pp. 167–178, 2003 Title: Temporal and spatial pattern
of genetic differentiation in Isophya kraussi (Orthoptera: Tettigonoidea) in NE Hungary Authors: Pecsenye, K., Vadkerti, E.* and Varga, Z. Authors addresses: Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human
Biology, University of
Debrecen, H-4010 Hungary, Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1. E-mail: pecskati@tigris.klte.hu Abstract: Allozyme polymorphism was studied in four samples of
Isophya kraussi
(Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878), a brachipterous,
sedentary tettigonoid species. Three samples were collected in the
Aggtelek Karst region (Haragistya 1998, Mogyoróskuti meadows
1999 and 2001) and one in the Zemplén Mts (Gyertyánkúti
meadows 1998–1999). Enzyme polymorphism was investigated by polyacrylamide
gel electrophoresis. All 10 scorable loci (Aldox, Est,
Got, alpha-Gpdh, Hk, Idh, Mdh, Me, Pgi and
Pgm) had alternative alleles in at least one sample. We detected
a high level of polymorphism. On average, more than 60% of the investigated
loci were polymorphic and the average number of alleles was about
2.1. The average heterozygote frequency was also high approximately
0.19. Large FIT values indicated a considerable level of genetic
variation as well. The larger part of the total variation was explained
by the within sample component and a relatively smaller portion of
it was attributable to the between sample component. Many of the FIS
values were positive indicating some heterozygote deficiency. In
the analysis of spatial variation, we obtained highly significant
FST values, which suggested strong genetic differentiation
between the local populations. In contrast, the FST value calculated
in the temporal analysis of variation was not significant. The average
value of Nei"s genetic distances between pairs of samples of
geographically distinct populations was 0.071 while, that estimated
within the Mogyoróskút population was 0.027. Thus, the results
of all analyses indicated a higher level of differentiation among
the geographically distinct populations than between the two samples
collected in a single population in different years. The results of
the PCA analyses fully confirmed those obtained in other analyses. Key words: enzyme polymorphism, genetic differentiation,
Isophya
kraussi, Orthoptera Download in
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Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 49 (3), pp. 179–200, 2003 Title: Digenetic trematodes from marine fishes off the coast of
Kuwait, Arabian
Gulf: Fellodistomidae and some smaller families, new host and geographic records Authors: Sey, O.*, Nahhas, F. M., Uch, S. and Vang, C. Author's address: *Department of Zoology, University of
Pécs, H-7624 Pécs,
Ifjúság u. 6, Hungary, E-mail: seyo@freemail.hu Abstract: Nine species of digenetic trematodes are reported:
Lintonium vibex
(Linton, 1900) Stunkard et Nigrelli,
1930 from Lagocephalus lunaris (Tetraodontidae), Complexobursa
vjetnamensis Oshmarin et Mamaev, 1963
from Terapon theraps (Teraponidae); Monascus filiformis
(Rudolphi, 1819) Looss, 1907 (new synonyms: M.
americanus Amato, 1982, M. mediolongiusculus
Ding, 1993) from Selaroides leptolepis (Carangidae);
Tergestia pauca Freitas et Kohn, 1965 from
Alepes djedaba (Carangidae); Transverstotrema licinum
Manter 1970 from Diplodus noct (Sparidae); Treptodemus
latus Manter, 1961 from Hemiramphus marginatus
(Hemiramphidae); Prosogonotrema bilabiatum Pérez
Vigueras, 1940 from Epinephelus areolatus
(Serranidae); Hexangium sigani Goto et Ozaki,
1929 from Siganus canaliculatus (Siganidae) and Diphterostomum
brusinae (Stossich, 1899) Stossich, 1903 from
Argyrops spinifer (Sparidae). All those species except Tergestia
pauca and Hexangium sigani represent new geographic records. Key words: Arabian Gulf, Kuwaiti coast, marine fishes, trematodes,
Digenea, Fellodistomidae, Transversotrematidae, Bivesiculidae,
Prosogonotrematidae, Angiodyctiidae, Zoogonidae, Lintonium,
Monascus, Complexobursa, Tergestia, Transversotrema,
Treptodemus, Prosogonotrema, Hexangium,
Diphterostomum Download in
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Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 49 (3), pp. 201–214,
2003 Title: Ponera testacea Emery, 1895 stat. n. – a
sister species of P.
coarctata (Latreille, 1802) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Authors: Csõsz, S. and Seifert, B.* Authors addresses: Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural
History Museum Abstract: A redescription, rank elevation, and lectotype
designation of the
neglected taxon Ponera coarctata var. testacea
Emery, 1895 are published. Two different morphometric approaches
resulted in a clear separation of testacea from its sister
species coarctata (Latreille, 1802). P. testacea
is abundant in the Mediterranean region but is also widely distributed
in Central Europe where it spreads north to 51º30"N. It
is more xerothermophilic than coarctata and seems to avoid
shaded, moister woodland habitats. Key words: Ponera, lectotype, morphometric Download in
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Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 49 (3), pp. 215–242, 2003 Title: Millipedes (Diplopoda) from Korea, the Russian Far East,
and China
in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum Authors: Mikhaljova, E. V. and Korsós, Z.* Authors addresses: Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far
Eastern Branch
of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia Abstract: The collection of diplopods from Korea, the Russian Far
East, and
China in the Hungarian Natural History Museum appears to contain altogether
16 identifiable genera and 22 species. One genus and five species
of them are described here as new to science: Koreadesmus gen.
n., Koreadesmus proprius sp. n., Tokyosoma hallum sp.
n., Ansiulus aberrans sp. n., Skleroprotopus chollus
sp. n., Skleroprotopus costatus sp. n., One species (Orientyla
dahurica (Gerstfeldt, 1859)) is new to the fauna
of Korea. Remarks are provided for all species studied, including
notes on the variation of both Anaulaciulus golovatchi Mikhaljova,
1982, and Skleroprotopus ramuliferus Lim et Mikhaljova,
2001. Key words: Millipedes, Diplopoda, East Asia, new genus and
species,
faunistics, variation Download in
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Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 49 (3), pp. 243–253, 2003 Title: On the type species of several tenebrionid genera and
subgenera (Coleoptera,
Tenebrionidae) Authors: Löbl, I. and Merkl, O.* Authors addresses: Muséum d"histoire naturelle, Case
postale 6434,
CH-1211 Geneve 6, Suisse, E-mail: ivan.lobl@bluewin.ch Abstract: Type species are designated for following taxa
described after 1930:
subgenera Macradesmia, Oteroscelopsis, Macropodesmia
of Adesmia Fischer von Waldheim, subgenus
Catomodontus of Catomus Allard, subgenus
Cyphostethoides of Cyphostethe Marseul, subgenus
Saxistena of Mesostena Eschscholtz, subgenus
Subtentyrina of Tentyria Latreille, genera
Lepidocnemeplatia, Pseudopachyscelis, and Tetranosis.
An erroneous type species designation for Scleronimon Reitter
is corrected. The genera Platyscelis Latreille and
Oodescelis Motschulsky are based on the same
type species, leading to description of Kaszabosceli<%0>s
<%-1>gen. n., and to numerous new combinations. Scleropatrum
Reitter and Monatrum Reichardt are synonymized,
and Scleropatroides gen. n. is described to include species
formerly included in the genus Scleropatrum: authors, not Reitter,
1877. Key words: Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, nomenclature, type species
designation
*Department of Zootaxonomy and Synzoology, Institute of Biology, University
of Pécs, H-7601 Pécs Ifjúság útja 6.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific,
Stockton, California, 95211, USA, E-mail: fnahhas@uop.edu
H-1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13, Hungary; E-mail: csosz@zoo.zoo.nhmus.hu
*Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, P.O.Box 300154, D-02806 Görlitz,
Germany, E-mail: bernhard.Seifert@smng.smwk.sachsen.de
*Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Baross utca 13, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary, E-mail:
korsos@zoo.zoo.nhmus.hu
*Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, H-1088 Budapest, Baross utca 13, Hungary. E-mail:
merkl@zoo.zoo.nhmus.hu