Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
15&#150;34, 2002</P>

OSMYLIDAE: ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE EARLY ENTOMOLOGICAL LITERATURE AND 
THE DISCOVERY OF EARLY STAGES AND CLARIFICATION OF THE BIOLOGY (NEUROPTERIDA: 
NEUROPTERA)</P>

H. Asp&ouml;ck</P>

Department of Medical Parasitology, Clinical Institute of Hygiene, University of Vienna, 
Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Wien, Austria, E-mail: horst.aspoeck@univie.ac.at</P>

This paper gives an account of the early research on those insects 
now included in the family Osmylidae, with detailed information on 
first descriptions and illustrations, nomenclature of the first described 
species and genus, on illustrations until 1820 and on the discovery 
of early stages and of the biology.</P>

Neuroptera, Osmylidae, history of entomology</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
35&#150;50, 2002</P>

THE BIOLOGY OF RAPHIDIOPTERA:<BR>
A REVIEW OF PRESENT KNOWLEDGE</P>

H. Asp&ouml;ck</P>

Department of Medical Parasitology, Clinical Institute of Hygiene, 
University of Vienna Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Wien, Austria; E-mail: 
horst.aspoeck@univie.ac.at</P>

Basic information on the systematics and distribution of the order 
Raphidioptera is provided, followed by details of the biology of snakeflies 
with respect to habitats, substrates upon which they develop, food 
of adults, food of larvae, life cycles, prothetely, mating and oviposition, 
parasites and parasitoids, hyperparasites, possible economic importance, 
and rearing methods.</P>

Key words: Raphidioptera, biology, systematics, distribution, parasites, 
parasitoids, rearing methods</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), p. 
51, 2002</P>

HOMOLOGY OF MALE GENITAL SCLERITES IN NEUROPTERIDA &#150; AN ADVENTURE<$FUnchanged 
abstract of the lecture presented by the author. A comprehensive paper 
entitled &quot;Male genital <N>sclerites of Neuropterida: an attempt 
at homologisation (Insecta: Holometabola)&quot; will be published 
in <I>Zool. Anz</I>. 241 (2002): 161&#150;171.></P>

U. Asp&ouml;ck</P>

Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, A-1014 Wien, Austria<BR>
E-mail:ulrike.aspoeck@nhm-wien.ac.at</P>

Interpretation of male genital sclerites of Neuropterida has always 
been fraught with ambiguity. Previous controversial approaches may 
be summarised by the slogan: archaic derivatives versus derived novelties. 
Arguments for homologizing via a gonocoxite concept are presented 
here. The primitive machilid (Archaeognatha, Machilidae) structures 
provide the background for identifiying the amazingly similar male 
genital sclerites of Raphidioptera. The comparatively complete segment 
9 of Raphidioptera consists of tergite, sternite, large gonocoxites, 
styli and gonapophyses; it serves as a reference model for our understanding 
of segment 10 and 11 in Raphidioptera and of male genital sclerites 
in Megaloptera and Neuroptera. The large machilid / raphidiopteran 
gonocoxites 9 changed to appendage-like sclerites in Megaloptera and 
Neuroptera, and even shifted into the genital chamber in some neuropteran 
taxa, or became obliterated. The styli of segment 9 have been lost 
independently several times. Gonapophyses 9 remained rod-like or evolved 
substantially in Raphidiidae (hypovalva), but were lost in Megaloptera 
and in most Neuroptera. Sclerites of segment 10 underwent the most 
dramatic changes, and obliterations reflected in requirements for 
copulation: only the tergite remained, but amalgamated with tergite 
11, forming the ectoproct. All other sclerites shifted into the genital 
chamber. Gonocoxites 10 apparently became lost, although their gonapophyses 
persist as parameres (<I>e.g</I>. in <I>Phaeostigma</I> Nav&aacute;s 
and <I>Italochrysa</I> Principi). The mediuncus (penis) 
is interpreted as the fused styli of the otherwise lost gonocoxites. 
Sclerites of segment 11 are still traceable: the tergite (amalgamated 
in the ectoproct), and the sternite, possibly as a tiny subanale. 
The gonarcus is interpreted as the gonocoxites 11, the entoprocessus 
as the corresponding gonapophyses, and the arcessus as the fused styli 
of gonocoxites 11. The hypandrium internum, irrespective of its true 
nature (which still remains doubtful), may indeed be a peculiarity 
of the Neuropterida &#150; although most likely lacking in Megaloptera.</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
53&#150;59, 2002</P>

THE GREEN LACEWINGS IN BELGIUM<BR>
(NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE)</P>

Bozsik A., Mignon, J. and Ch. Gaspar</P>

Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences<BR>
University of Debrecen, Hungary; E-mail: bozsik@helios.date.hu<BR>
Zoologie g&eacute;n&eacute;rale et appliqu&eacute;e, Facult&eacute; 
des Sciences agronomiques<BR>
 de Gembloux, Belgium; E-mail: zoologie@fsagx.ac.be</P>

There are merely three published sources of information on the green 
lacewings in Belgium. The first two were written by a Belgian and 
a Catalan author at the beginning of the 20th century and the third 
was published in 1980. Interestingly, the most recent study reported 
the fewest species (11), the most previous contained 12 and the second 
one showed 17 species.<BR>
This confused situation and the paucity of data initiated the authors 
to identify the green lacewing collection of the Gembloux University 
of Agricultural Sciences, where lacewings from different parts of 
Belgium were preserved, and also to collect chrysopids regularly.<BR>
Summarising the species reported in the literature and caught during 
sampling, 18 green lacewing species have been verified in Belgium: 
<I>Nothochrysa fulviceps, Nothochrysa capitata, Hypochrysa elegans, 
Nineta flava, Nineta vittata, Nineta pallida, Chrysotropia ciliata, 
Chrysopa perla, Chrysopa dorsalis, Chrysopa abbreviata, Chrysopa 
formosa, Chrysopa phyllochroma, Chrysopa pallens, Dichochrysa 
flavifrons, Dichochrysa prasina, Dichochrysa ventralis, Chrysoperla 
carnea, Cunctochrysa albolineata.</I> Considering the known references, 
one species, <I>Nineta pallida</I> proved to be new for the Belgian 
fauna.</P>

Key words: Chrysopidae, Belgium</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
61&#150;65, 2002</P>

INFLUENCE OF THE DENSITY OF CHRYSOPERLA MEDITERRANEA (H&Ouml;LZEL, 
1972) (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) ADULTS ON ITS LABORATORY REPRODUCTION 
POTENTIAL</P>

Carvalho, C. F., Canard, M. and 
C. Alauzet</P>

Depto de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras<BR>
C.P. 37, 37200-000 Lavras MG, Brasil; E-mail: cfc@ufla.br<BR>
Laboratoire d&#180;&Eacute;cologie Terrestre/Zoologie, Universit&eacute; 
Paul-Sabatier<BR>
F 31062 Toulouse, C&eacute;dex 4, France; E-mail: michel.canard@wanadoo.fr</P>

The reproductive potential of <I>Chrysoperla mediterranea</I> (H&ouml;lzel, 
1972) was investigated, when adults were subjected to different densities 
per rearing unit. Couples after emergence were placed into rectangular 
cages of 450 cm<^>3<^*>, fed enzymatic protein hydrolysate of yeast 
and kept in a climatic chamber at 20<@177>1 &deg;C, RH 70&#150;80% 
and 16h-photophase. The treatments were repeated six times utilizing 
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 couples with a couple/volume ratio of 1/450, 
1/225, 1/150, 1/112, 1/90, 1/75 and 1/64 cm<^>3<^*>, respectively. 
It was observed that the average pre-oviposition period for one couple 
was 5.8<@177>0.3 days while for the other treatments it was 7&#150;8 
days. For the oviposition period no significant differences were found, 
100 days being obtained on the average, but for the daily and total 
oviposition the results showed differences among the treatments with 
one couple per rearing unit showing the greatest fecundity (520<@177>26.0 
eggs/female). By increasing the couple numbers, the total oviposition 
capacity decreased, becoming more marked from four couples per rearing 
unit, with only 270.0<@177>103.0 eggs/female when seven couples were 
utilized (density 1/64 cm<^>3<^*>). Longevity was equally affected 
by density and for a single couple, it was 138.3<@177>11.2 days for 
the males and 117.8<@177>12.8 days for the females. In comparison, 
the reduction was in the order of 50% for both sexes when the density 
was seven couples per chamber. </P>

green lacewing, <I>Chrysoperla</I>, biology, rearing units</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
67&#150;73, 2002</P>

NEUROPTERA IN OAK FORESTS IN THE SUBMEDITERRANEAN DISTRICT OF SLOVENIA</P>

D. Devetak</P>

Department of Biology, University of Maribor,<BR>
Koro<@154>ka 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia<BR>
E-mail: dusan.devetak@uni-mb.si</P>

In the Submediterranean District of Slovenia, Neuropteran assemblages 
in two types of oak forests have been investigated. For both forest 
types, data on plant substrate species are provided. The faunal composition 
of the two oak forests is compared with the fauna of the garrigue 
from the southernmost part of Istria. While in both woodland habitats 
arboreal species dominate, in the garrigue habitat the number of species 
preferring grassy steppes is much higher.</P>

Neuroptera, Istria, Submediterranean District, oak forests</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
75&#150;87, 2002</P>

FOREST EDGES ARE BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS<BR>
&#150; ALSO FOR NEUROPTERA</P>

Duelli, P., Obrist, M. K. and 
P. F. Fl&uuml;ckiger</P>

Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, 
Switzerland<BR>
E-mail: peter.duelli@wsl.ch<BR>
Naturmuseum Olten, Kirchgasse 10, CH-4600 Olten, Switzerland<BR>
E-mail: naturmuseum@stadt.olten.ch</P>

In a research project investigating the contribution of forest ecotone 
structures to regional arthropod biodiversity, the neuropteran fauna 
was assessed at five differently-structured forest edges and, for 
comparison, 50 m inside the forest. Arthropods were collected from 
February to November by means of pitfall traps, window (interception) 
traps and yellow water pans. The traps were installed along transects, 
reaching horizontally from the open cultivated land into the forest 
and vertically, on scaffolds, from the ground up to the tree crowns.<BR>
For each of the species of the insect orders Neuroptera (59), Raphidioptera 
(3) and Mecoptera (2), spatio-temporal distribution patterns from 
open habitats into the forest can be generated from the available 
database. Only 3 species (5%) were equally or more numerous inside 
the forest than at the edges. Of particular interest is the distribution 
in space and time of three sibling species of the <I>Chrysoperla carnea</I> 
complex (<I>C. lucasina</I>, <I>C. pallida, C. carnea</I>).<BR>
Neuroptera and Raphidioptera showed their highest species numbers 
in the shrub belt and the forest mantle, while the Mecoptera preferred 
the herbaceous fringe. Traps located deepest inside the forest yielded 
the lowest number of species. In the forest interior, species numbers 
peaked in the canopy. However, the canopy yielded markedly fewer species 
than the forest edges. Steep forest edges contained 24% more species 
than the forest interior, sloped, structurally rich forest edges even 
60% more.</P>

Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Mecoptera, biodiversity, forest 
edge, canopy</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
89&#150;98, 2002</P>

LIST OF THE NAME-BEARING NEUROPTERIDA TYPES IN THE COLLECTION OF THE 
NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, USA</P>

O. S. Flint, Jr.</P>

Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History<BR>
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA<BR>
E-mail: flint.oliver@nmnh.si.edu</P>

The collection of Neuropterida at the National Museum of Natural History, 
Smithsonian Institution, is housed in 221 insect drawers and 311 bottles 
of vials. It is estimated to contain 132 species of Megaloptera, 1192 
species of Neuroptera and 33 species of Raphidioptera. The 163 name-bearing 
types are divided among the Megaloptera (26), Neuroptera (134), and 
Raphidioptera (3). A list of all the name-bearing types including 
author, year of publication, country of origin, and current placement 
is given; it is also noted if it is a lectotype or neotype.</P>

Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, name-bearing types, 
Smithsonian Institution</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
99&#150;120, 2002</P>

ANTLION ASSEMBLAGES (NEUROPTERA: MYRMELEONTIDAE) OF TWO ARID HABITATS 
IN TUNISIA</P>

R. G&uuml;sten</P>

Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt, Zoologische Abteilung<BR>
Friedensplatz 1, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany<BR>
E-mail: guesten@hlmd.de</P>

The antlion fauna was investigated by black-lighting in late spring 
and late summer at two sites in southern Tunisia, representing 
pre-Saharan acacia savanna and dwarf shrub semi-desert of the 
Sahara, respectively. The species compositions recorded differed very 
markedly between sites and seasons, with few species encountered in 
both habitats or in both collecting periods. Diversity was distinctly 
lower at the semi-desert site, where only 21 species, but a high number 
of individuals, were caught, with a strong dominance of one species 
each in the two seasons. At the acacia savanna location, 26 species 
were found, a few of which may, however, be associated with adjoining 
biotopes of oasis vegetation, ravines and hillside grassland. The 
species assemblage of the savanna is compared to a previous, similarly 
rich sample from the same region. Some taxonomic and faunistic remarks 
are given regarding the species collected.</P>

Myrmeleontidae, North Africa, habitat preferences, phenology, 
systematics</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
121&#150;140, 2002</P>

PATTERNS IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF AFROTROPICAL CHRYSOPIDAE</P>

H&ouml;lzel, H.* and P. Ohm<@134></P>

*Eppersdorf 1, A-9371 Br&uuml;ckl, Austria; E-mail: herbert.hoelzel@aon.at<BR>
Westring 337, D-24118 Kiel, Germany</P>

Africa south of the Sahara has a comparatively rich fauna of Chrysopidae. 
Approximately 180 species in 26 genera have so far been recorded from 
the Afrotropical Region. The distribution of animals and plants on 
the continent is defined by the extensive area of lowland rainforest 
that covers West and Central Africa along the equator. This practically 
forms a barrier that divides the continent into two different savannah 
areas. Other important biomes are the isolated montane forests of 
East and Southeast Africa and three large arid areas: The Sudanese, 
the Somali and the Southwest arid zones include several important 
centres for insect distribution.<BR>
About 100 species of the family occur in South and East Africa of 
which more than 40 have only been found in South Africa; 37 species 
and subspecies are probably endemic to the Madagascan subregion. The 
chrysopid fauna of the arid and semiarid parts of West Africa is rather 
poor, while the probably rich fauna of the West African rainforest 
and the West African savannahs is scarcely known.</P>

Chrysopidae, Afrotropical Region, distribution, biogeography</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
141&#150;147, 2002</P>

MUSCULATURE OF MALE GENITALIA OF ANTLIONS (NEUROPTERA, MYRMELEONTIDAE):<BR>
FIRST RESULTS OF STUDY</P>

V. A. Krivokhatsky</P>

Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences<BR>
Universitetskaya nab.,1, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia<BR>
E-mail: myz@zin.ru</P>

The male genitalia of species of antlions studied [<I>Myrmecaelurus 
trigrammus</I> (Pall.), <I>Creoleon plumbeus</I> (Ol.)] 
consist of evident morpho-functional structures: pregenital, ejaculatory 
and copulatory complexes. The latter can be divided into the aedeagal 
and proctal subcomplexes. Sclerites and muscles of each complex are 
described.</P>

antlions, male genitalia, musculature</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
141&#150;147, 2002</P>

MUSCULATURE OF MALE GENITALIA OF ANTLIONS (NEUROPTERA, MYRMELEONTIDAE):<BR>
FIRST RESULTS OF STUDY</P>

V. A. Krivokhatsky</P>

Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences<BR>
Universitetskaya nab.,1, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia<BR>
E-mail: myz@zin.ru</P>

The male genitalia of species of antlions studied [<I>Myrmecaelurus 
trigrammus</I> (Pall.), <I>Creoleon plumbeus</I> (Ol.)] 
consist of evident morpho-functional structures: pregenital, ejaculatory 
and copulatory complexes. The latter can be divided into the aedeagal 
and proctal subcomplexes. Sclerites and muscles of each complex are 
described.</P>

antlions, male genitalia, musculature</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
149&#150;154, 2002</P>

NEUROPTERIDA OF THE ABRUZZO NATIONAL PARK, ITALY</P>

Letardi, A. and E. Migliaccio*</P>

ENEA, C. R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, S.P. 046, I-00060 S. Maria 
di Galeria<BR>
Rome, Italy; E-mail: aletardi@casaccia.enea.it<BR>
*Apennine Centre for Ecological Research, Abruzzo National Park<BR>
I-67032 Pescasseroli, L&#180;Aquila, Italy</P>

A preliminary check list of Neuropterida of Abruzzo National Park, 
Italy, is presented. About 49 taxa of Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, 
and Neuroptera were detected within the Park and in the surrounding 
areas, although the identity of 13 of these requires confirmation. 
The material was collected during occasional research between 1997 
and 1999. A review of publications with distributional data is included.</P>

Abruzzo National Park, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, Neuroptera, 
Italy</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
155&#150;158, 2002</P>

A WEB PAGE ON ITALIAN NEUROPTERIDA</P>

A. Letardi</P>

ENEA, C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese <N>301, S.P. 046, I-00060 S. 
Maria di Galeria<BR>
Rome, Italy; E-mail: aletardi@casaccia.enea.it</P>

For several reasons, very few researchers devoted their studies to 
Italian Neuropterida. One of these motives was difficulty in literature 
searches due to the lack of a review of many data scattered in obscure 
journals and publications. Internet tools can assist researchers to 
communicate and easily find and access information. This contribution 
introduces the present &quot;state of the art&quot; regarding a web 
catalogue of data pertaining to Italian Neuropterida.</P>

Internet site, Neuropterida, Italy</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
159&#150;163, 2002</P>

REMARKS ON NEUROPTERA<BR>
OF NORTH-EASTERN SLOVENIA (GORI<@200>KO)</P>

Lipov<@154>ek, S. and B. Mencinger</P>

Department of Biology, University of Maribor, Koro<@154>ka 160, SI-2000 
Maribor, Slovenia<BR>
E-mail: sasa.lipovsek@uni-mb.si</P>

The abundance of species of Neuroptera was studied in the traditional 
cultural landscape of Gori<@232>ko (NE Slovenia). The insects were 
collected during 1997, 1998 and 1999 at 12 different localities. The 
green lacewing <I>Chrysoperla carnea</I> sensu lato was the most dominant 
species in the region. This species was the only one found in cultivated 
fields in Gori<@232>ko district.</P>

Neuroptera, Gori<@232>ko, Slovenia</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
165&#150;173, 2002</P>

MONITORING LACEWINGS (INSECTA: NEUROPTERA)<BR>
IN SOUTHERN AFRICA</P>

M. W. Mansell</P>

ARC &#150; Plant Protection Research Institute, Private Bag X134, 
Pretoria, 0001 South Africa<BR>
Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, 0002 
South Africa<BR>
E-mail: vrehmwm@plant5.agric.za</P>

A concerted research programme is being undertaken on southern African 
Neuroptera. This has been formally structured into five operational 
components or focal areas: a biodiversity audit, systematic revisions, 
study of larval biology and ecological requirements, distribution 
patterns and predictive modelling, and conservation status and protective 
measures. The programme is being undertaken in collaboration with 
local and international researchers, while amateur entomologists also 
make significant contributions.</P>

Southern Africa, Neuroptera, ecology, biogeography, predictive 
modelling, conservation</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
175&#150;184, 2002</P>

SOUTHERN AFRICAN BIOMES AND THE EVOLUTION OF PALPARINI (INSECTA: NEUROPTERA: 
MYRMELEONTIDAE)</P>

Mansell, M. W. and B. F. N. Erasmus*</P>

ARC &#150; Plant Protection Research Institute, Private Bag X134, 
Pretoria, 0001 South Africa<BR>
E-mail: vrehmwm@plant5.agric.za<BR>
*Conservation Planning Unit, Department of Zoology & Entomology<BR>
University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa<BR>
E-mail: bfnerasmus@zoology.up.ac.za</P>

Southern Africa harbours 42 of the 88 known species of Palparini (Insecta: 
Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae). Twenty-nine of the 42 species are endemic 
to the western parts of the subregion, including Namibia, Botswana, 
the Western, Northern and Eastern Cape, and North-West Provinces of 
South Africa. Geographical Information Systems analyses and climate 
change models have been used to reveal possible reasons for the 
high diversity and levels of endemism of Palparini in southern 
Africa. The analyses have indicated that climate, and the consequent 
rich variety of vegetation and soil types, have been the driving forces 
behind southern Africa being a major evolutionary centre for palparines 
and other Neuroptera. </P>

Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae, Palparini, southern Africa, 
biomes, Geographical Information Systems</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
185&#150;195, 2002</P>

THE PALPARES RELATIONAL DATABASE:<BR>
AN INTEGRATED MODEL FOR LACEWING RESEARCH</P>

Mansell, M. W. and B. Kenyon*</P>

ARC &#150; Plant Protection Research Institute, Private Bag 
X134 Pretoria, 0001 South Africa<BR>
Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria<BR>
0002 Pretoria, South Africa; E-mail: vrehmwm@plant5.agric.za <BR>
Interactive Medical Information and Ordering Systems, 325 
Rosemary Road<BR>
Menlo Park, 0081 South Africa; E-mail: healthpr@mweb.co.za</P>

The Palpares Relational Database has been designed for the Southern 
African Lacewing Monitoring Programme, to address the limitations 
of conventional databases and filing systems. The model has also been 
expanded to other collections and taxa. The application was developed 
in Microsoft Access<@174>, and comprises Tables, Forms, Queries and 
Reports that accumulate and integrate data on Specimens, Taxonomy, 
Localities, Literature, Institutions, Type data, and Collectors and 
Authors. The model provides synchronised access to comprehensive data 
across multiple platforms, for potential use in many applications 
and products. These include publications, geographical information 
systems analysis, faunal inventories, environmental impact assessments, 
compilation of catalogues, bibliographies, and data on Neuroptera 
as biological control agents, as well as being an invaluable resource 
for taxonomic research.</P>

Relational database, specimen data, taxonomy, localities, 
bibliography, institutions</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
197&#150;201, 2002</P>

NEW RECORDS OF NEUROPTERA FROM IRAN</P>

A. Mirmoayedi</P>

Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Razi University, 
Kermanshah, Iran E-mail: amirmoayed@hotmail.com; amirmoayedi2001@yahoo.com</P>

Seven provinces of Iran were surveyed for Neuroptera. Three species 
are newly listed for the fauna of Iran.</P>

Neuroptera, Iran</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
203&#150;208, 2002</P>

ENZYMATIC POLYMORPHISM<BR>
IN CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (STEPHENS) AND C. KOLTHOFFI (NAV&aacute;S) (NEUROPTERA 
: CHRYSOPIDAE)</P>

Mouloud, M., Chu, N. T., Simo Santalla, 
P., Gillet, P. and D. Thierry</P>

D&eacute;partement des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre<BR>
IRFA-UCO, 3 place Andr&eacute; Leroy, B.P. 808, 49008 Angers Cedex 01, 
France<BR>
E-mail: mmouloud@uco.fr</P>

Isozymes can be used in order to study the importance of reproductive 
barriers between populations or species. The aim of this work is to 
study allozyme polymorphism in natural populations of <I>Chrysoperla 
carnea</I> (Stephens) and <I>Chrysoperla kolthoffi</I> (Nav&aacute;s) 
collected in the West of France. Two enzymatic systems were studied 
by starch gel electrophoresis: diaphorase (DIA) and isocitrate 
dehydrogenase (IDH). For each enzymatic system, presumed loci were 
scored and genetic interpretation was proposed. The study of allozyme 
polymorphism at the DIA and IDH-2 loci provided evidence of marked 
genetic differences between <I>Ch. carnea</I> and <I>Ch. kolthoffi</I>.</P>

lacewing, <I>Chrysoperla carnea, C. kolthoffi</I>, isozymes, 
electrophoresis</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
209&#150;216, 2002</P>

PROSPECTS FOR EXTENDING THE USE OF AUSTRALIAN LACEWINGS IN BIOLOGICAL 
CONTROL</P>

T. R. New</P>

Department of Zoology, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia<BR>
E-mail: zootn@zoo.latrobe.edu.au</P>

Very few Australian lacewings have been utilised in biological control 
programmes, despite the need to manage an enormous variety of arthropod 
pests on a wide range of crops. Only two species (<I>Micromus tasmaniae</I> 
Walker, <I>Mallada signatus</I> (Schneider)) have 
attracted wide attention. The reasons for this focus are discussed, 
and the biology and abundance of Australian Hemerobiidae and Chrysopidae 
reviewed as a basis for discovering further opportunities to manipulate 
native lacewing species for pest management. These opportunities are 
explored in the context of (1) the undesirability of introducing further 
exotic natural enemies to Australia and the consequent need to enhance 
use of native taxa, and (2) the characteristics of a &quot;good predator&#180; 
for pest management.</P>

pest management, natural enemies, predators, Neuroptera, 
Hemerobiidae, Chrysopidae</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
217&#150;227, 2002</P>

NEUROPTERA OF WALLACEA: A TRANSITIONAL FAUNA BETWEEN MAJOR GEOGRAPHICAL 
REGIONS</P>

T. R. New</P>

Department of Zoology, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia<BR>
E-mail: zootn@zoo.latrobe.edu.au</P>

The central regions of Malesia, Wallacea, are the meeting place of 
the biota of two major geographical regions: Australia and the Oriental 
Region. Knowledge of the lacewings of Wallacea is reviewed, as 
an aid to assessing this faunal overlap and to understanding the origins 
and affinities of the Australian fauna. The constitution of the Malesian 
fauna of about 420 described species in 12 families is outlined, and 
the interacting faunas are tentatively appraised and defined. </P>

zoogeography, Australasia, Oriental region, Malesia, lacewings</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
229&#150;252, 2002</P>

ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL PATTERNS<BR>
IN CHRYSOPIDAE OF THE MADAGASCAN SUBREGION (INSECTA: NEUROPTERA)</P>

Ohm, P. <@134> and H. H&ouml;lzel*</P>

Westring 337, D-24118 Kiel, Germany<BR>
*Eppersdorf 1, A-9371 Br&uuml;ckl, Austria; E-mail: herbert.hoelzel@aon.at</P>

Fifty four species and subspecies of Chrysopidae have been recorded 
from the Madagascan subregion. Thirty seven are probably endemic to 
the subregion, seventeen are more widely distributed: nine occur throughout 
sub-Saharan Africa,six have only been found in Eastern Africa, while 
two species occur throughout the continent and extend eastwards as 
far as the Pacific region. Two of the endemic species, <I>Dichochrysa 
duplicata</I> and <I>Glenochrysa insularis</I> are represented in 
the subregion by three subspecies each.<BR>
The origin of most of the endemic species seems to be Africa south 
of the Sahara. Only two <I>Plesiochrysa</I> species from the Seychelles 
belong to the &quot;<I>oceanica</I>-group&quot; of <I>Plesiochrysa</I>, 
that is not known from Africa but from the Oriental region.<BR>
In addition to the distance from the continent of Africa, Madagascar, 
and the varying sizes and altitudes of the islands, the varying number 
of known species from different islands is due to the disparate 
amounts of work done on them. The Seychelles, Mauritius, La R&eacute;union, 
Mayotte, and Grande Comore where visited several times, Moheli 
and Rodriguez for a few days only, while we only know of older reports 
from Madagascar and Anjouan.</P>

Chrysopidae, Madagascan region, distribution, biogeography</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
253&#150;264, 2002</P>

WHAT IS THE REAL NAME OF THE ITALIAN ASCALAPHID?</P>

Pantaleoni, R. A. and A. Letardi*</P>

Department of Plant Protection, Entomological Section, University 
of Sassari<BR>
via Enrico De Nicola, I-07100 Sassari, Italy; E-mail: r.pantaleoni@ss.cnr.it<BR>
*ENEA, C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, S.P. 046, I-00060 S. Maria 
di Galeria<BR>
Rome, Italy; E-mail: aletardi@casaccia.enea.it</P>

An endemic species of Ascalaphidae living exclusively in the Italian 
peninsula has been named for over a century <I>Libelloides italicus</I> 
Fabricius (1781). This is the case of a long-term, established, 
nomenclatorial situation which has apparently caused no problems. 
Unfortunately, Fabricius&#180; type does not correspond 
to the Italian ascalaphid. Thus an old dispute has been re-opened 
and so the chronology concerning it are discussed.<BR>
In conclusion, <I>Ascalaphus italicus</I> Fabricius, 1781 
is a junior synonym of <I>Libelloides coccajus</I> ([Denis 
& Schifferm&uuml;ller], 1775) (syn. n.) and a senior synonym 
of <I>Ascalaphus meridionalis</I> de Charpentier, 
1825. There are two possible names for the Italian ascalaphid: <I>Libelloides 
latinus</I> (Lefebvre, 1842) (comb. n.), that is its valid 
name, and <I>Ascalaphus petagnae</I> Costa, 1855 which is 
its junior synonym.</P>

@PETIT = Key words : Ascalaphidae, Italy, nomenclature</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
265&#150;269, 2002</P>

RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE GREEN LACEWING FAUNA OF ROMANIA (NEUROPTERA: 
CHRYSOPIDAE)</P>

M. Paulian</P>

Institutul de Cercet<@227>ri pentru Protec<@254>ia Plantelor<BR>
Boulevardul Ion Ionescu dela Brad 8, RO-71592 Bucure<@186>ti, Romania<BR>
E-mail: paulian@adcon.ro</P>

The fauna of Romania included 25 species of green lacewings. Eight 
more species were recently established. The localities where they 
were found are given.</P>

Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Romania, distribution</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
271&#150;280, 2002</P>

ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF NEUROPTERA<BR>
IN BULGARIA</P>

A. Popov</P>

National Museum of Natural History, Blvd Tsar Osvoboditel 1, BG-1000 
Sofia, Bulgaria,<BR>
E-mail: nmnhnd@bgcict.acad.bg</P>

The Bulgarian species of Neuroptera have been analysed according to 
origin, not on the basis of chorology. In Bulgaria, the more cold-loving 
of the Siberian elements inhabit the mountains only (<I>Sympherobius 
fuscescens</I>, <I>Micromus paganus</I>) and some ubiquists from the 
same category occur in the whole country (<I>Chrysopa perla</I>, <I>Myrmeleon 
formicarius</I>). Most of the Siberian&#150;Mediterranean species 
have a broad ecological plasticity (<I>Coniopteryx pygmaea</I>, <I>Chrysopa 
formosa</I>). Only species with a typical Holarctic distribution in 
North America, but not Siberian and Holomediterranean elements that 
are probably casually introduced in the Nearctic, are interpreted 
as Siberian&#150;Nearctic. The Central European and the Central European&#150; 
Mediterranean species are rare components in the Bulgarian fauna. 
Holomediterranean elements are about twice as numerous as the Pontomediterranean 
ones. The expansive Holomediterranean species prevail considerably 
over the stationary ones. Among the Pontomediterranean elements 
both groups are equally represented in the fauna of Bulgaria. They 
have a Balkan (<I>Dilar turcicus</I>, <I>Nedroledon anatolicus</I>) 
or an Anatolian (<I>Isoscelipteron fulvum</I>, <I>Hemerobius zernyi</I>) 
origin. The species of southern origin (the Mediterranean elements) 
comprise 52% of the Bulgarian fauna of Neuroptera and predominate 
slightly over the species of northern origin (originated from the 
Central European and from the Siberian centres).</P>

Neuroptera, Bulgaria, zoogeography, arboreal, oreotundral, 
eremial</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
281&#150;291, 2002</P>

NEUROPTERIDA OF NORTHERN EUROPE</P>

A. Popov</P>

National Museum of Natural History, Blvd Tsar Osvoboditel 1, BG-1000 
Sofia, Bulgaria,<BR>
E-mail: nmnhnd@bgcict.acad.bg</P>

The collections of Neuropterida (Megaloptera, Raphidioptera and Neuroptera) 
from Northern Europe in the museums in Denmark, Sweden and Finland 
were revised or identified. Many species are established for the first 
time in some provinces. <I>Chrysopa commata</I>, <I>Chrysopa formosa</I>, 
<I>Peyerimhoffina gracilis</I> and <I>Nineta pallida</I> are added 
to the species hitherto known in the area. So far, 82 species are 
known from Northern Europe. Of the individual national faunas that 
of Sweden has the most complete subset, 76 species, due to the presence 
of the tundral fauna in Lappmark (<I>Sialis sibirica</I>) and the 
thermophilous fauna in the southern provinces Sk<F"NimbusRomNo9L"><@229><F255>ne 
and Sm<F"NimbusRomNo9L"><@229><F255>land (<I>Osmylus fulvicephalus</I>) 
and the islands of &Ouml;land and Gotland (<I>Aleuropteryx loewii</I>). 
The territory of Denmark is not a part of the coniferous forest zone 
but belongs to the deciduous forest zone. Expectedly, some species, 
absent in Scandinavia, occur in Denmark (<I>Sialis nigripes</I>, <I>Helicoconis 
hirtinervis</I>, <I>Hypochrysa elegans</I>), while <N>other species, 
typical for the taiga, do not occur here (<I>Sialis sordida</I>, <I>Raphidia 
ophiopsis</I>, <I>Hemerobius simulans</I>, <I>Wesmaelius mortoni</I>). 
Norway and Finland have a reduced Swedish fauna. <I>Chrysopa dasyptera</I> 
from Finland is the only species in the two countries which does not 
occur in Sweden.</P>

Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, Northern Europe, 
distribution, zoogeography</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
293&#150;299, 2002</P>

AUTECOLOGY AND BIOLOGY OF NEMOPTERA SINUATA OLIVIER (NEUROPTERA: NEMOPTERIDAE)</P>

A. Popov</P>

National Museum of Natural History, Blvd Tsar Osvoboditel 1, BG-1000 
Sofia, Bulgaria<BR>
E-mail: nmnhnd@bgcict.acad.bg</P>

Specimens of <I>Nemoptera sinuata</I> were reared from eggs to second 
instar larvae in captivity, and observations on imagos were carried 
out in the Struma Valley, Bulgaria. The adults occur in open sunny 
places in river gorges and feed only on pollen. They are most active 
at noon between the middle of May and the end of June. The males occur 
one week earlier than the females. The eggs are laid directly on the 
ground, most often in the morning. They are spherical (rare among 
Neuroptera), white, opaque, with one micropyle. Up to 70 eggs are 
laid by a female over a period of 10 days. The egg stage usually lasts 
from 23 to 25 days. The lid is cut off by an eggbreaker during hatching. 
The newly hatched larvae are 2.0&#150;2.1 mm long, are terricolous 
and always buried themselves by digging to 1 cm in depth. The larvae 
rejected living or freshly killed arthropods, or roots and blossoms 
of plants. They were only observed to take water and vegetable sap. 
The longest surviving larva moulted in September (first instar lasts 
72 days) and hibernated. It increased in length to 5 mm and died in 
April after being reared for nine months.</P>

<I>Nemoptera sinuata</I>, imaginal ethology, feeding, oviposition, 
egg, hatching, larva</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
301&#150;310, 2002</P>

POPULATION DYNAMICS AND SEASONAL OCCURRENCE OF ADULTS OF CHRYSOPERLA 
EXTERNA (HAGEN, 1861) (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) IN A CITRUS ORCHARD 
IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL</P>

Souza, B. and C. F. Carvalho</P>

Depto de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras<BR>
C.P. 37, 37200&#150;000 Lavras MG, Brasil<BR>
E-mail: brgsouza@ufla.br; cfc@ufla.br </P>

Studies of the population dynamics of <I>Chrysoperla externa</I> (Hagen, 
1861) adults were carried out in in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 
in a citrus orchard, with the influence of precipitation, relative 
humidity and maximum, minimum and average temperatures on its population 
density being evaluated. Sampling was made weekly with an entomological 
net on 20 citrus trees in an area of ca. 2 ha, between 13:00 and 17:00 
h, from May 1992 to April 1996. Annual sampling records for adults 
collected were 853, 629, 575 and 313, respectively, with a decreasing 
population trend during the period, mainly in the fourth year of study. 
An increase in the number of adults collected was observed from May 
to September, with peaks of 687 (80.5%), 344 (54.7%), 328 (57.0%) 
and 107 (34.2%) in September of 1992, 1993, 1994 and 1995, respectively. 
A remarkable decrease in the number of insects collected was observed 
in the months after September, with no insects or only few ones collected 
from November to March, December to February being the most critical 
period. There was an increase in the number of adults with the decrease 
in precipitation, relative humidity and temperature, with minimum 
and average temperature influencing the most. </P>

<I>Chrysoperla</I>, Chrysopidae, Neuroptera, citrus, 
weather factors, seasonal occurrence</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
311&#150;328, 2002</P>

SEASONAL FLIGHT PATTERNS OF ANTLIONS (NEUROPTERA, MYRMELEONTIDAE) 
MONITORED BY THE HUNGARIAN LIGHT TRAP NETWORK</P>

Szentkir&aacute;lyi, F. and L. Kazinczy</P>

Department of Zoology, Plant Protection Institute of Hungarian Academy 
of Sciences<BR>
H-1525, Budapest, P.O. Box 102, Hungary; E-mail: h2404sze@ella.hu</P>

Few investigations have been conducted which characterise seasonal 
flight patterns of antlions, because of their usual small population 
size, sporadic and local occurrence, and sampling difficulties. Night-active 
myrmeleontids are attracted to light sources, so light trapping can 
collect them. The authors have monitored the seasonal flight activity 
patterns of nine antlion species over more than 20 years using regular 
nightly operation of the 60 light traps of the Hungarian light trap 
network.<BR>
Generally, the seasonal activity of adult antlions lasted from early 
May to the end of September, and mass flight occurred in the period 
early June&#150;late August. Time series analytical methods detected 
three characteristic species-groups with different seasonal flight-types. 
The three groups were: (a) earlier active &quot;late spring-early 
summer&quot; flying antlions (<I>Megistopus flavicornis,</I> <I>Myrmeleon 
formicarius</I>, <I>Nohoveus punctulatus</I>); (b) intermediate &quot;early 
and mid-summer&quot; flying antlions (<I>Distoleon tetragrammicus</I>, 
<I> Myrmeleon inconspicuus,</I> <I>Myrmecaelurus trigrammus</I>); 
(c) later &quot;mid- and late summer&quot; flying antlions (<I>Creoleon 
plumbeus,</I> <I>Euroleon nostras,</I> <I>Acanthaclisis occitanica</I>). 
Within groups the flight patterns were synchronised. One to four 10&#150;day 
interval temporal separations were found between general activity 
patterns of groups. Further studies are needed to understand the ecological 
background to the differences between the seasonal flights of myrmeleontid 
species.</P>

Myrmeleontidae, antlion adults, flight activity pattern, 
seasonality, temporal separation</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
329&#150;340, 2002</P>

LACEWINGS AND SNAKEFLIES<BR>
(NEUROPTERA, RAPHIDIOPTERA) AS PREY FOR BIRD NESTLINGS IN SLOVAKIAN 
FOREST HABITATS</P>

Szentkir&aacute;lyi, F. and A. Kri<@154>t&iacute;n</P>

Department of Zoology, Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy 
of Sciences<BR>
H-1525, Budapest, P.O.Box 102, Hungary; E-mail<P10>: h2404sze@ella.hu<BR>
*Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences<BR>
SK-96053, Zvolen, <@138>t&uacute;rova 2, Slovakia; E-mail: kristin@sav.savzv.sk</P>

Songbirds in their breeding period are among the most important predators 
of neuropteroid insects. The second author has conducted a long-term 
study on diet of 40 species of songbirds in the nestling period (May&#150;July) 
since 1978 in mountainous oak-hornbeam, beech-oak, and beech-coniferous 
forests in Central Slovakia. More than 60,000 food items were collected 
predominantly by the neck-ring method and to a lesser extent by pellet, 
stomach, and dropping content analysis. The proportion of Neuroptera 
and Raphidioptera in food of nestlings of 17 bird species ranged between 
0.1&#150;3.9% and 0.1&#150;4.4%, respectively.<BR>
Among the 4 raphidiid, 7 chrysopid, and 5 hemerobiid species recorded 
in diets, the most abundant were <I>Dichrostigma flavipes</I> (adults), 
<I>Nineta pallida</I> (larvae), and <I>Hemerobius micans</I> (adults). 
The chrysopids were present with the greatest dominance (59%) in the 
food composition of foliage gleaners, while hemerobiids were captured 
in higher proportions (50%) by bark foragers. The raphidiids were 
collected mainly by the generalist <I>Ficedula albicollis</I> (61%), 
and by bark foragers (36%). In the diet composition of ground foragers 
only a low number of neuropteroids were present. The sampled birds 
caught the highest number of individuals from the three families of 
neuropteroids in the period between mid-May and early June.</P>

Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae, Raphidiidae, 
songbirds, food of nestlings, foraging mode</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
341&#150;349, 2002</P>

CONTRIBUTION TO KNOWLEDGE OF FEMALE<BR>
INTERNAL GENITALIA OF NEUROPTERA</P>

Gy. Szir&aacute;ki</P>

Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum<BR>
H-1088 Budapest, Baross utca 13, Hungary; E-mail: sziraki@zoo.zoo.nhmus.hu</P>

In continuing earlier research on female internal genitalia (FEIG) 
of Neuroptera, further examinations were carried out on some species 
of the families Coniopterygidae and Ascalaphidae. In the coniopterygid 
subgenus <I>Metaconiopteryx</I> Kis, 1968 the correct association 
of females with the corresponding males became possible as a result 
of the examination of FEIG of the type material of <I>Coniopteryx 
(Metaconiopteryx) arcuata</I> Kis, 1965. A comparison of 
male and female internal genitalia in this subgenus suggests that 
a lock and key mechanism was involves in the evolution of this group. 
As regards the family Ascalaphidae, four taxa, <I>Ascalaphus sinister</I> 
Walker, 1853, <I>Bubopsis andromache firyuzae</I> Szir&aacute;ki, 
2000 (Ascalaphinae), <I>Idricerus sogdianus</I> McLachlan, 
1875 and <I>Protidricerus elwesi</I> (McLachlan, 
1875) (Haplogleniinae) were investigated. In FEIG of these species 
no distinctive features were found for separation of the two ascalaphid 
subfamilies.</P>

Ascalaphidae, Coniopterygidae, female internal genitalia, 
lock and key mechanism, male genitalia, <I>Metaconiopteryx</I></P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
351&#150;357, 2002</P>

SELECTIVE ATTRACTIVITY OF ARTIFICIAL OVERWINTERING CHAMBERS FOR THE 
COMMON GREEN LACEWING SPECIES OF THE CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (STEPHENS) 
COMPLEX IN WESTERN EUROPE (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE)</P>

Thierry, D., Rat-Morris, E. and C. Caldumbide</P>

Institut National d&#180;Horticulture, 2 rue Le N<@244>tre, 49045 
Angers Cedex, France<BR>
E-mail: dominique.thierry@wanadoo.fr</P>

The aim of this work is to test attractivity of different types of 
substrats in overwintering chambers for the common green lacewing 
species. Experiments were carried out in France near of Angers (48&deg;28&#180;N, 
00&deg;33&#180;E) during winter 1999&#150;2000. Sheets and rolls 
of corrugated cardboard, and staw were used as substrats.<BR>
Chambers were colonized by a large numbers of <I>Chrysoperla kolthoffi</I> 
(Nav&aacute;s). The number of lacewings was two times greater 
in straw than in corrugated cardboard. The suitability of staw was 
confirmed.<BR>
Only 5 <I>Chrysoperla carnea</I> s. s. (Stephens) were collected, 
This species seemed to overwinter in more ventilated cavities than 
our confined boxes. Only one <I>Chrysoperla. lucasina</I> (Lacroix) 
was found.<BR>
Our device can already be used to improve the number of overwintering 
<I>Ch. kolthoffi</I> near the crops. In order to develop overwintering 
chambers as a proper tool for studing overwintering guild structures 
further experiments are needed with <I>Ch.carnea</I>, <I>Ch. lucasina</I> 
or other species.</P>

lacewing, <I>Chrysoperla kolthoffi</I>, biological control, 
overwintering chamber</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
359&#150;369, 2002</P>

PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF THE LACEWINGS (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE, HEMEROBIIDAE) 
IN AGROECOSYTEMS IN NORTHERN FRANCE, WITH PHENOLOGICAL NOTES</P>

Trouv&Eacute;, C., Thierry, D. and 
M. Canard</P>

Service R&eacute;gional de la Protection des V&eacute;g&eacute;taux, 
81 rue Bernard Palissy<BR>
F-62750 Loos-en-Gohelle, France<BR>
E-mail: caroline.trouve@agriculture.gouv.fr<BR>
Universit&eacute; Catholique de l&#180;Ouest, D&eacute;partement 
des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre<BR>
44 rue Rabelais, F-49000 Angers, France<BR>
E-mail: dominique.thierry@wanadoo.fr<BR>
<^>3<^*>47 chemin Flou de Rious, F-31400 Toulouse, France<BR>
E-mail: michel.canard@wanadoo.fr</P>

A survey of lacewings was undertaken in an agricultural zone of northern 
France. Adults were investigated in four cultures: strawberry, potato, 
witloof and kidney bean, and in apple orchards. A fixed suction trap 
gave an overview of the lacewing assemblage present. Yellow trap together 
with portable suction-device collections showed the hemerobiids and 
chrysopids currently harboured. Stalked eggs, larvae and cocoons of 
chrysopids were sampled in strawberry, potato, cabbage and carrot, 
and in apple-tree orchards. Rearing in the laboratory of all preimaginal 
instars of the green lacewings collected bore witness to the actual 
establishment of any species in the field.<BR>
Seven green lacewings species were identified, but the lacewing diversity 
is low. In all cases, the eurytopic generalist predator <I>Chrysoperla 
kolthoffi</I> was the dominant species. Adults flied from May (wintering 
generation) to autumn, showing a peak in July. The occurrence of preimaginal 
instars suggests three generations. Four brown lacewing species were 
recorded, among them <I>Micromus variegatus</I> was the most 
abundant. They flew mainly in July and August.</P>

chrysopid, <I>Chrysoperla kolthoffi</I>, hemerobiid, pest 
predator, biological control, agroecosystem</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
371&#150;387, 2002</P>

RESOURCES IN SCOTTISH NEUROPTEROLOGY</P>

A. E. Whittington</P>

National Museums of Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh<BR>
EH1 1JF, Scotland<BR>
E-mail: a.whittington@nms.ac.uk</P>

The Neuroptera collections of the National Museums of Scotland are 
hitherto an unexplored resource. Some records based on specimens exist, 
scattered through the British literature in small reports and citations, 
amalgamated into mapping exercises or are part of short papers describing 
new species. It is the purpose of this paper to outline the content 
of the collections and associated data sources.
Specimens, and labels directly associated with them, are the primary 
source of data. Most specimens are pinned in traditional entomological 
drawers. A smaller quantity of material exists in Industrial Methylated 
Spirits (70% IMS) with a much smaller quantity (a few species) in 
70% Ethanol.
The secondary, but no less important, source of information exists 
in a database called the Scottish Insect Records Index (SIRI). This 
is a paper database of the citations for published Scottish Insect 
records &#150; a key link to the British literature. The Neuroptera 
Records from this index are now being electronically databased.
From these data sources, we can establish how many specimens exist 
in which species and from what locations. Thus, informed answers to 
environmental and conservation questions can be supplied, and we can 
determine where further research is required.</P>

@PETIT = Key words: Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera</P>

Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (Suppl. 2), pp. 
401&#150;407, 2002</P>

POST-SYMPOSIUM NEUROPTEROLOGICAL EXCURSION IN HUNGARY, 10&#150;15 
AUGUST, 2000</P>

Whittington, A. E. and M. W. Mansell</P>

National Museums of Scotland, Chambers Street, EH1 1JF, Edinburgh, 
Scotland<BR>
E-mail: a.whittington@nms.ac.uk<BR>
Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria. Private Bag 
X134, Pretoria 0001, South Africa<BR>
E-mail: vrehmwm@plant5.agric.za